Math 2.0

statement theorem

Consecutive Fibonacci numbers are coprime

Statement

Let (Fn)n≥0(F_n)_{n \ge 0} be the Fibonacci sequence, given by F0=0F_0 = 0, F1=1F_1 = 1 and Fn+2=Fn+1+FnF_{n+2} = F_{n+1} + F_n for n≥0n \ge 0. Then FnF_n and Fn+1F_{n+1} are coprime for each n≥0n \ge 0, that is, gcd⁡(Fn,Fn+1)=1\gcd(F_n, F_{n+1}) = 1.

Remarks

A proof by induction: gcd⁡(Fn+1,Fn+2)=gcd⁡(Fn+1,Fn+2−Fn+1)=gcd⁡(Fn+1,Fn)\gcd(F_{n+1}, F_{n+2}) = \gcd(F_{n+1}, F_{n+2} - F_{n+1}) = \gcd(F_{n+1}, F_n), and gcd⁡(F0,F1)=1\gcd(F_0, F_1) = 1. A stronger fact is gcd⁡(Fm,Fn)=Fgcd⁡(m,n)\gcd(F_m, F_n) = F_{\gcd(m, n)} for all m,n≥0m, n \ge 0. The Euclidean algorithm on Fn+1F_{n+1} and FnF_n takes many steps, and consecutive Fibonacci numbers give its worst case.

Explanations

L1 human

Two neighbours in the Fibonacci sequence 0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,…0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, \dots never have a common factor larger than 11. A common factor of two neighbours would also divide the term before them, and so on down to F1=1F_1 = 1.

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  1. Divisibility definition
  2. Euclidean algorithm concept
  3. Greatest common divisor definition
  4. Coprime integers definition
  5. Consecutive Fibonacci numbers are coprime statement

Sources

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci_sequence, Divisibility properties